One Middle Class, Three Different Lifestyles: The Israeli Case
Abstract
Traditionally, both the general public and the media have perceived of Israel's secular-Jewish population as a homogeneous entity. This broad over generalized view of the Israelis overlooks the variety of subcultures that make up Israel's secular population. This paper proposes a new and original typology for categorizing social groups in Israel in particular the middle class. The methodology used to characterize the new typology attempts to overcome the problems inherent in traditional methods applied by Israeli social scientists in classifying Israeli society. The author suggests the sociological notion of 'lifestyles' to explain behavioral diversity in this social class. Three major lifestyles are identified in Israel's large middle class: Post-Zionist Yuppies the Veteran Zionist Bourgeoisie; and the 'Mitsubishi Mobiles' (the nouveau-riche middle class). The typology proposed is based on five years of research using scholarly material collected and catalogued from numerous disciplines, as well as field research based on diverse means of collection and analytic methods.References
Almog, O. (2000) Sabra-The Creation of the New Jew. Berkeley: The University of California Press.
Almog, O. (2002) Shifting the centre from nation to individual and universe: The new 'Democratic Faith' ofIsrael. Israel Afieirs, 8: 31-43.
Almog, O. (2004) Farewell to 'Srulik'-Changing Values among the Israeli Elite, Ramie: Zemora Kineret. (Hebrew)
Ayalon, H., Ben-Rafael E., and Yogev A. (1993) Community in Transition: Mobility, Integration and Conflict. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press.
Birenbaum-Carmeli, D. (2000) Tel Aviv North: 1he Makings o/a New Middle Class. Jerusalem: Magnes Press. (Hebrew)
Bourdieu, P. (1984) Distinctions: A Social Critique of the Judgment of Taste. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
Brooks, D. (2000) Bobos in Paradise: The New Upper Class and How They Got There. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Chaney, D. (1996) Lifestyles. London: Routledge.
Cohen, Y (1998) Socio-economic gaps between Mizrahim and Ashkenazim, 1975-1995. Sociologia Israelit, 1:91-115. (Hebrew)
Cohen, Y and Haberfeld, A. (1998) The Development of Ethnic Gaps in the Second Generation in Israel Tel Aviv: Golda Meir Institute. (Hebrew)
Etzioni-Halevy, E. (1993) The Conspiracy of the Elites and Democracy in Israel. Tel Aviv: Sifriyat Po'alim. (Hebrew)
Goffman, E. (1969) The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. London: Allen Lane.
Melman, Y (1993) The New Israelis: A Personal View of a Changing Society. Tel Aviv: Schocken. (Hebrew)
Shenhav, Y. (2003) The Arab-Jews: Nationalism, Religion and Ethnicity. Tel Aviv: Am Oved. (Hebrew)
Smooha, S. (1993) Class, Ethnic and National Cleavages and Democracy in Israel. In Diamond, L. and Sprinzak, E. (eds.) Israeli Democracy Under Stress. Boulder, Co: L. Rienner, pp.309-342.
Tami Steinmetz Center for Peace Research (1997) Peace Index Survey. Tel Aviv. (Hebrew)
- The contributor(s) (authors) warrant that the entire work is original and unpublished; it is submitted only to this Journal and all text, data, figures/tables or other illustrations included in this work are completely original and unpublished, and these have not been previously published or submitted elsewhere in any form or media whatsoever.
- The contributor(s) warrant that the work contains no unlawful or libelous statements and opinions and liable materials of any kind whatsoever, does not infringe on any copyrights, intellectual property rights, personal rights or rights of any kind of others, nor contains any plagiarized, fraudulent, improperly attributed materials, instructions, procedures, information or ideas that might cause any harm, damage, injury, losses or costs of any kind to person or property.
- The contributor(s) retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- The contributor(s) are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- The contributor(s) are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
- Geography Research Forum may disseminate the content of the publications and publications’ Meta data in text, image, or other print and electronic formats to providers of research databases (e.g. EBSCO, GeoBase, JSTOR) to facilitate publications' exposure.