Local Government Rising: The Emergence of New Regionalism in Israel
Keywords:
New Regionalism; Israel; Local Government & Governance; National and International Crisis; Public Failure; Inter-Municipal Collaboration; Local & Regional Reform
Abstract
This study examines the rise of New Regionalism within Israel's local government framework, emphasizing its emergence as a response to national and international crises. Crises—whether security, environmental, economic, democratic, or health-related—have acted as catalysts, exposing systemic failures in centralized governance and accelerating the need for decentralization and regional collaboration. Events such as the October 7th 2023 War exemplify these failures, highlighting the urgency of fostering resilient and adaptable governance structures. The research introduces an integrative framework linking crises with evolution of governance, demonstrating how incremental reforms have empowered local governments and fostered regional cooperation. A triad of interdependent reforms is identified as essential to achieving sustainable governance: enacting a Basic Law for Local Government and Regional Governance, institutionalizing regional governance structures, and enhancing human resource capacities. These reforms aim to replace fragmented and reactive approaches with cohesive, strategic shifts towards adaptive, inclusive, and efficient governance models. By situating Israel’s governance trajectory within the broader theoretical framework of New Regionalism, the study underscores the paradigm’s emphasis on subsidiarity, multi-level governance, and community resilience. These principles are presented as critical for navigating Israel’s complex socio-political and economic challenges, offering a pathway to sustainable development and stronger societal cohesion. Policymakers are urged to institutionalize these reforms, transforming crises into opportunities and paving the way for a more equitable and adaptive governance future.
References
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Decentralization of Powers from Central Government to Local Government
Joint-Elka and Bechar Fellowship. (In Hebrew)
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Beeri, I. (2020) Lack of reform in Israeli local government and its impact on modern developments in public management. Public Management Review, 23(10), 1423-1435. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2020.1823138.
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Beeri, I. (2023b) The local authorities' strike: A fight for democracy, not just for property tax. TheMarker,
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Beeri, I., Aharon-Gutman, M., & Luzer, J. (2024) Municipal territoriality: The impact of centralized mechanisms and political and structural factors on reducing spatial inequality. Urban Science, 8(2), 1-17.
https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci8020025
Beeri, I., & Razin, E. (2015) Local Democracy in Israel: Decentralization, Localism, Participation and Local Politics. Jerusalem: Floersheimer Studies at the Hebrew. University of Jerusalem. (In Hebrew)
Beeri, I., & Saad, M. (2022) Enhancing local service effectiveness through purpose-oriented networks: The role of network leadership and structure. The American Review of Public Administration, 52(4), 343–364.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10967494.2022.2058132
Beeri, I., & Yuval, F. (2013) New localism and neutralizing local government: Has anyone bothered asking the public for its opinion? Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 23(3), 385–410.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mut031
Beeri, I. & Zidan, A. (2021) Merging, disaggregating and clustering local authorities: Do structural reforms affect perceptions about local governance and democracy? Territory, Politics, Governance, 11(7), 1413-1438.
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Blank, Y., & Rosen-Zvi, I. (2009) The proposed Cities Act: A present without a past, a reform without a future. Hukim, 1, 49–134. (. (In Hebrew)).
Blitstein-Mishor, E., Vigoda-Gadot, E., & Mizrahi, S. (2023) Navigating emergencies: A theoretical model of civic engagement and wellbeing during emergencies. Sustainability, 15(14118).
Boin, A., & Hart, P. (2003) Public leadership in times of crisis: Mission impossible? Public Administration Review, 63(5), 544–553.
Brenner, N. (2004) New State Spaces: Urban Governance and the Rescaling of Statehood. Oxford University Press.
Casale Mashiah, D., Beeri, I., Vigoda-Gadot, E., & Hartman, A. (2023) Responsible research and innovation in Europe: Empirical evidence from regional planning initiatives in Austria, Norway, and Spain. European Planning Studies, 31(9), 1949-1974.
Chilai, S. (2024) Yahav and Etsioni clash over a liberal Haifa; struggle in Beit Shemesh over the city's character: We'll become Bnei Brak. Ynet, (in Hebrew) https://www.ynet.co.il/news/article/bjbky7opa
Cohen, N. (2016) Policy entrepreneurs and agenda setting. In Nikolaos Zahariadis (ed.) Handbook of Public Policy Agenda Setting (180-199). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Cravens III, R. G. (2015) Morality politics and municipal LGBT policy adoption: A rare-event analysis. State and Local Government Review, 47(1), 15-25.
Davidovitz, M. (2023) Winds of change: How street‐level bureaucrats actively represent minority clients by influencing majority clients—The context of LGB Israeli teachers. Public Administration, 101(4), 1587-1603.
De Frantz, M. (2008) New Regionalism top-down: Mobilizing national minority culture. Regional Studies, 42(5), 657–670.
Dent, C. M., & Richter, P. (2011) Sub-regional cooperation and developmental regionalism: The case of BIMP-EAGA. Contemporary Southeast Asia, 33(1), 29-55.
Finkelstein, A. (2020) Local Government in Israel: General Background, Core Issues, and Challenges. Jerusalem: Israel Democracy Institute. (In Hebrew)
Flug, K., Porat Hirsch, N. & Kahan Portel, R. (2023). The Cost of Living in Israel: What Do the Numbers Tell Us? – Update to the Review Published in September 2022, Jerusalem: The Israel Democracy Institute. (In Hebrew)
Forman-Rabinovici, A. & Beeri, I. (2024) Morality policy and the moderating effects of setting: LGBT policy preferences and local authority characteristics (Unpublished manuscript).
Friedmann, J. (2002) The Prospect of Cities. University of Minnesota Press.
Frisch-Aviram, N., Cohen, N., & Beeri, I. (2018) Low-level bureaucrats, local government regimes and policy entrepreneurship. Policy Sciences, 51(1), 39–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-017-9296-y.
Fuchs, A., Benvenisty, D. & Dagan, N. (2024) Constitutional Crisis – Definitions, Precedents, Implications. The Israel Democracy Institute. (In Hebrew)
https://en.idi.org.il/articles/56074.
Golan-Nadir, N. (2024) The fight for democracy begins with the local elections. (In Hebrew)
https://theliberal.co.il/municipal-elections-2024/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Hadjimichalis, C. (2011) Uneven geographical development and socio-spatial justice and solidarity: European regions after the 2009 financial crisis. European Urban and Regional Studies, 18(3), 254-274.
Hermann, T. (2023) The Israeli Democracy Index 2023, Israel Democracy Institute, https://en.idi.org.il/articles/57466. (In Hebrew)
Hueglin, T. O. (1989). Better small and beautiful than big and ugly? Regionalism, capitalism, and the postindustrial state. International Political Science Review, 10(3), 209-221.
Hindi, T. (2018) New Regionalism in Israel. Regionalism in Israel and the world. The Ministry of Interior and the Elka Institute for Leadership and Governance, JDC Israel, The Forum of Experts on Regionalism. (In Hebrew)
Hood, C. (1991) A public management for all seasons? Public Administration, 69(1), 3–19.
Horowitz, D., & Lissak, M. (1978) Troubled Years: The Israeli society, 1967–1973. Tel Aviv: Am Oved. (In Hebrew)
Hudson, R. (2007) Region and place: Rethinking regional development in the context of global environmental change. Progress in Human Geography, 31(6), 827-836
INSS (2023) Analysis of national security implications of the October 7th War. (In Hebrew) https://www.inss.org.il/publication/policy-2025/
Jabareen, Y. T. (2021) Linguistic rights for minorities and the quest for equality: The case of Arab-Palestinians in Israel. University of Pennsylvania Journal of Law and Social Change, 25, 259-286.
Keating, M. (1998) The New Regionalism in Western Europe: Territorial Restructuring and Political Change. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Kimhi, O., Beeri, I., & Reingewertz, Y. (2022) The political economy of local governments’ requests for permission to override central fiscal limitations: Insights from Israel. Publius: The Journal of Federalism, 52(4), 605-631.
Kretzmer, D. (2023) The ‘Constitutional Reform’ and the Occupation. Israel Law Review, 56(3), 397-414.
Kuhlmann, S., & Franzke, J. (2022) Multi-level responses to COVID-19: Crisis coordination in Germany from an intergovernmental perspective. Local Government Studies, 48(2), 312-334.
Levi, A., Wolfson, T., Popper, S. W., Efron, S., Whitaker, A. A., & Li, J. J. (2020) Local Government Reform and the Socioeconomic Gap in Israel: Building toward a New Future. RAND.
Maor, M. (1998) Political Reforms in Israel: Local Government and Beyond. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Marciano, H., Kimhi, S., Eshel, Y., & Adini, B. (2024) Impact of prolonged social crisis on resilience and coping indicators. PloS one, 19(8), e0305542
Martin, R., & Sunley, P. (2003) Deconstructing clusters: Chaotic concept or policy panacea? Journal of Economic Geography, 3(1), 5–35.
Mizrahi, S., Vigoda‐Gadot, E., & Cohen, N. (2021) How well do they manage a crisis? The government's effectiveness during the Covid‐19 pandemic. Public Administration Review, 81(6), 1120-1130.
Mondey, A. and Beeri, I. (2023) The competing impact of network politics and hamula (clan) politics on network performance: The case of minority networks. Local Government Studies, 50(1), 204-229.
Navot, S. (2022) Judicial Reform in Israel. The Israel Democracy Institute. (In Hebrew) https://en.idi.org.il/articles/46513
Peri, Y. (1983) Between Battles and Ballots: Israeli Military in Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Paasi, A. (2009) The resurgence of the ‘Region’ and ‘Regional Identity’: Theoretical perspectives and empirical observations on regional dynamics in Europe. Review of International Studies, 35(S1), 121–146.
Razin, E. (2004) Needs and impediments for local government reform: Lessons from Israel, Journal of Urban Affairs, 26, 5, 623-640.
Reingewertz, Y., & Beeri, I. (2017) How effective is central enforcement? Evidence from convened committees in failing local authorities. Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space, 35(6), 1005–1023.
Rosenbloom, D. H., & Kravchuk, R. S. (2002) Public Administration: Understanding Management, Politics, and Law in the Public Sector. McGraw-Hill Education.
Sabag, Y., Reznikovski-Kuras, A. Arazi, T. (2024) The Effects of the Israel-Hamas War on Children and Youth in Israel. Brookdale Institute. (In Hebrew)
Smooha, S. (2022) The Arab-Jewish divide and Arab politics in Israel. In P. R. Kumaraswamy (Ed.) The Palgrave International Handbook of Israel. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
Steklov, Overview of the Local Government System in Israel, Adalya, , https://www.adalya.co.il/he/articles/%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F-%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99
Storper, M. (1997) The Regional World: Territorial Development in a Global Economy. Guilford Press.
Taub Center (2023) The October 7th War: Social and economic implications for Israel. Policy Paper 11.2023. Hurvitz Conference on Economy and Society 2024. The Israel Democracy Institute. (In Hebrew)
Times of Israel (2019, November 21) Breaking religious restrictions: Buses to roll on Shabbat in Tel Aviv. The Times of Israel. Retrieved from https://www.timesofisrael.com/breaking-religious-restrictions-buses-to-roll-on-shabbat-in-tel-aviv.
Tselios, V., & Tompkins, E. (2021) Local government, political decentralisation and resilience to natural hazard-associated disasters. In E. Penning-Rowsell & Dennis J. Parker (Eds.) Environmental Hazards and Resilience (pp. 203-227). Routledge.
Tzfadia, E. & Gigi, M. (2022) Peripheralities, in Routledge handbook on Contemporary Israel, Porat, G., Feniger, Y., Filc, D., Kabalo, P., & Mirsky, J. (Eds.) Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 448-459.
Urbanologia (2024) Shilat: Cooperation and inclusion in local governance. Retrieved from https://urbanologia.tau.ac.il/shilat_cooperation
Uster, A. & Beeri, I. (2024) Country Report – Israel. In Behnke, N. & Petersohn, B. (eds.) Meeting the Challenge of Horizontal Intergovernmental Coordination – Evidence from European Countries. Envisaged for OA publication with Palgrave, in the Forum of Federations series.
Uster, A., Beeri, I., & Vashdi, D. (2018) Don’t push too hard: Examining the managerial behaviors of local authorities in collaborative networks with nonprofit organizations. Local Government Studies, 45(1), 124–145.
https://doi.org/10.1080/03003930.2018.1533820
Walla News. (2024) Mayors unite in support of Druze and Circassians' struggle. Retrieved from https://news.walla.co.il/break/3674164. (In Hebrew)
Yavetz, G., & Bronstein, J. (2023) Cities under fire: Crisis communication on home front versus frontline cities' Facebook pages during operation ‘Guardian of the Walls’. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 31(3), 421-430.
Yiftachel, O. (2001) Centralized power and divided space: 'Fractured regions' in the Israeli ethnocracy. GeoJournal, 53, 283-293.
Ynet (2024) 120 mayors call on Prime Minister to end discrimination against Druze and Circassians. (In Hebrew) Retrieved from
https://www.ynet.co.il/news/article/bjxlfd0la .
Zaychik, D., Beeri, I., Rein‐Sapir, Y., Avni, N., & Altshuler, A. (2024) Innovation and adaption in local governments in the face of COVID‐19: Determinants of effective crisis management. Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy. https://protect.checkpoint.com/v2/r02/___https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/rhc3.12311___.YzJlOmJlbmd1cmlvbnVuaXZlcnNpdHlvZnRoZW5lZ2V2OmM6bzpjYWFjZjEzYTNkMDgxYjcyZTU3MjFmNGE4ZTc2YThkODo3OjY3MDU6ZjYwNDIyYmZmMWUxY2YzMGQ5NjJhNDExNzcwYWE4NzlmNWIxNGMyMDk5MGVhYTMxNjRkYWFlYWIyZjRlYTNkYjp0OlQ6Tg
Decentralization of Powers from Central Government to Local Government
Joint-Elka and Bechar Fellowship. (In Hebrew)
Allison, R. (2008) Virtual regionalism, regional structures, and regime security in Central Asia. Central Asian Survey, 27(2), 185–202.
Amin, A. (2004) Regions unbound: Towards a new politics of place. Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography, 86(1), 33–44.
Beeri, I. (2020) Lack of reform in Israeli local government and its impact on modern developments in public management. Public Management Review, 23(10), 1423-1435. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2020.1823138.
Beeri, I. (2023a) The impact of the central government’s intervention on local democracy, Local Government Studies, 50(2), 375-404.
Beeri, I. (2023b) The local authorities' strike: A fight for democracy, not just for property tax. TheMarker,
https://www.themarker.com/blogs/2023-02-21/ty-article/.premium/00000186-6f7a-dac1-a196-ef7a5cc80000
Beeri, I., Aharon-Gutman, M., & Luzer, J. (2024) Municipal territoriality: The impact of centralized mechanisms and political and structural factors on reducing spatial inequality. Urban Science, 8(2), 1-17.
https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci8020025
Beeri, I., & Razin, E. (2015) Local Democracy in Israel: Decentralization, Localism, Participation and Local Politics. Jerusalem: Floersheimer Studies at the Hebrew. University of Jerusalem. (In Hebrew)
Beeri, I., & Saad, M. (2022) Enhancing local service effectiveness through purpose-oriented networks: The role of network leadership and structure. The American Review of Public Administration, 52(4), 343–364.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10967494.2022.2058132
Beeri, I., & Yuval, F. (2013) New localism and neutralizing local government: Has anyone bothered asking the public for its opinion? Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 23(3), 385–410.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mut031
Beeri, I. & Zidan, A. (2021) Merging, disaggregating and clustering local authorities: Do structural reforms affect perceptions about local governance and democracy? Territory, Politics, Governance, 11(7), 1413-1438.
Blank, Y. (2004) The place of locality: Local government law, decentralization and unique space in Israel. Hukim, 34, 197-299. (In Hebrew).
Blank, Y., & Rosen-Zvi, I. (2009) The proposed Cities Act: A present without a past, a reform without a future. Hukim, 1, 49–134. (. (In Hebrew)).
Blitstein-Mishor, E., Vigoda-Gadot, E., & Mizrahi, S. (2023) Navigating emergencies: A theoretical model of civic engagement and wellbeing during emergencies. Sustainability, 15(14118).
Boin, A., & Hart, P. (2003) Public leadership in times of crisis: Mission impossible? Public Administration Review, 63(5), 544–553.
Brenner, N. (2004) New State Spaces: Urban Governance and the Rescaling of Statehood. Oxford University Press.
Casale Mashiah, D., Beeri, I., Vigoda-Gadot, E., & Hartman, A. (2023) Responsible research and innovation in Europe: Empirical evidence from regional planning initiatives in Austria, Norway, and Spain. European Planning Studies, 31(9), 1949-1974.
Chilai, S. (2024) Yahav and Etsioni clash over a liberal Haifa; struggle in Beit Shemesh over the city's character: We'll become Bnei Brak. Ynet, (in Hebrew) https://www.ynet.co.il/news/article/bjbky7opa
Cohen, N. (2016) Policy entrepreneurs and agenda setting. In Nikolaos Zahariadis (ed.) Handbook of Public Policy Agenda Setting (180-199). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Cravens III, R. G. (2015) Morality politics and municipal LGBT policy adoption: A rare-event analysis. State and Local Government Review, 47(1), 15-25.
Davidovitz, M. (2023) Winds of change: How street‐level bureaucrats actively represent minority clients by influencing majority clients—The context of LGB Israeli teachers. Public Administration, 101(4), 1587-1603.
De Frantz, M. (2008) New Regionalism top-down: Mobilizing national minority culture. Regional Studies, 42(5), 657–670.
Dent, C. M., & Richter, P. (2011) Sub-regional cooperation and developmental regionalism: The case of BIMP-EAGA. Contemporary Southeast Asia, 33(1), 29-55.
Finkelstein, A. (2020) Local Government in Israel: General Background, Core Issues, and Challenges. Jerusalem: Israel Democracy Institute. (In Hebrew)
Flug, K., Porat Hirsch, N. & Kahan Portel, R. (2023). The Cost of Living in Israel: What Do the Numbers Tell Us? – Update to the Review Published in September 2022, Jerusalem: The Israel Democracy Institute. (In Hebrew)
Forman-Rabinovici, A. & Beeri, I. (2024) Morality policy and the moderating effects of setting: LGBT policy preferences and local authority characteristics (Unpublished manuscript).
Friedmann, J. (2002) The Prospect of Cities. University of Minnesota Press.
Frisch-Aviram, N., Cohen, N., & Beeri, I. (2018) Low-level bureaucrats, local government regimes and policy entrepreneurship. Policy Sciences, 51(1), 39–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-017-9296-y.
Fuchs, A., Benvenisty, D. & Dagan, N. (2024) Constitutional Crisis – Definitions, Precedents, Implications. The Israel Democracy Institute. (In Hebrew)
https://en.idi.org.il/articles/56074.
Golan-Nadir, N. (2024) The fight for democracy begins with the local elections. (In Hebrew)
https://theliberal.co.il/municipal-elections-2024/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Hadjimichalis, C. (2011) Uneven geographical development and socio-spatial justice and solidarity: European regions after the 2009 financial crisis. European Urban and Regional Studies, 18(3), 254-274.
Hermann, T. (2023) The Israeli Democracy Index 2023, Israel Democracy Institute, https://en.idi.org.il/articles/57466. (In Hebrew)
Hueglin, T. O. (1989). Better small and beautiful than big and ugly? Regionalism, capitalism, and the postindustrial state. International Political Science Review, 10(3), 209-221.
Hindi, T. (2018) New Regionalism in Israel. Regionalism in Israel and the world. The Ministry of Interior and the Elka Institute for Leadership and Governance, JDC Israel, The Forum of Experts on Regionalism. (In Hebrew)
Hood, C. (1991) A public management for all seasons? Public Administration, 69(1), 3–19.
Horowitz, D., & Lissak, M. (1978) Troubled Years: The Israeli society, 1967–1973. Tel Aviv: Am Oved. (In Hebrew)
Hudson, R. (2007) Region and place: Rethinking regional development in the context of global environmental change. Progress in Human Geography, 31(6), 827-836
INSS (2023) Analysis of national security implications of the October 7th War. (In Hebrew) https://www.inss.org.il/publication/policy-2025/
Jabareen, Y. T. (2021) Linguistic rights for minorities and the quest for equality: The case of Arab-Palestinians in Israel. University of Pennsylvania Journal of Law and Social Change, 25, 259-286.
Keating, M. (1998) The New Regionalism in Western Europe: Territorial Restructuring and Political Change. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Kimhi, O., Beeri, I., & Reingewertz, Y. (2022) The political economy of local governments’ requests for permission to override central fiscal limitations: Insights from Israel. Publius: The Journal of Federalism, 52(4), 605-631.
Kretzmer, D. (2023) The ‘Constitutional Reform’ and the Occupation. Israel Law Review, 56(3), 397-414.
Kuhlmann, S., & Franzke, J. (2022) Multi-level responses to COVID-19: Crisis coordination in Germany from an intergovernmental perspective. Local Government Studies, 48(2), 312-334.
Levi, A., Wolfson, T., Popper, S. W., Efron, S., Whitaker, A. A., & Li, J. J. (2020) Local Government Reform and the Socioeconomic Gap in Israel: Building toward a New Future. RAND.
Maor, M. (1998) Political Reforms in Israel: Local Government and Beyond. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Marciano, H., Kimhi, S., Eshel, Y., & Adini, B. (2024) Impact of prolonged social crisis on resilience and coping indicators. PloS one, 19(8), e0305542
Martin, R., & Sunley, P. (2003) Deconstructing clusters: Chaotic concept or policy panacea? Journal of Economic Geography, 3(1), 5–35.
Mizrahi, S., Vigoda‐Gadot, E., & Cohen, N. (2021) How well do they manage a crisis? The government's effectiveness during the Covid‐19 pandemic. Public Administration Review, 81(6), 1120-1130.
Mondey, A. and Beeri, I. (2023) The competing impact of network politics and hamula (clan) politics on network performance: The case of minority networks. Local Government Studies, 50(1), 204-229.
Navot, S. (2022) Judicial Reform in Israel. The Israel Democracy Institute. (In Hebrew) https://en.idi.org.il/articles/46513
Peri, Y. (1983) Between Battles and Ballots: Israeli Military in Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Paasi, A. (2009) The resurgence of the ‘Region’ and ‘Regional Identity’: Theoretical perspectives and empirical observations on regional dynamics in Europe. Review of International Studies, 35(S1), 121–146.
Razin, E. (2004) Needs and impediments for local government reform: Lessons from Israel, Journal of Urban Affairs, 26, 5, 623-640.
Reingewertz, Y., & Beeri, I. (2017) How effective is central enforcement? Evidence from convened committees in failing local authorities. Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space, 35(6), 1005–1023.
Rosenbloom, D. H., & Kravchuk, R. S. (2002) Public Administration: Understanding Management, Politics, and Law in the Public Sector. McGraw-Hill Education.
Sabag, Y., Reznikovski-Kuras, A. Arazi, T. (2024) The Effects of the Israel-Hamas War on Children and Youth in Israel. Brookdale Institute. (In Hebrew)
Smooha, S. (2022) The Arab-Jewish divide and Arab politics in Israel. In P. R. Kumaraswamy (Ed.) The Palgrave International Handbook of Israel. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
Steklov, Overview of the Local Government System in Israel, Adalya, , https://www.adalya.co.il/he/articles/%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F-%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99
Storper, M. (1997) The Regional World: Territorial Development in a Global Economy. Guilford Press.
Taub Center (2023) The October 7th War: Social and economic implications for Israel. Policy Paper 11.2023. Hurvitz Conference on Economy and Society 2024. The Israel Democracy Institute. (In Hebrew)
Times of Israel (2019, November 21) Breaking religious restrictions: Buses to roll on Shabbat in Tel Aviv. The Times of Israel. Retrieved from https://www.timesofisrael.com/breaking-religious-restrictions-buses-to-roll-on-shabbat-in-tel-aviv.
Tselios, V., & Tompkins, E. (2021) Local government, political decentralisation and resilience to natural hazard-associated disasters. In E. Penning-Rowsell & Dennis J. Parker (Eds.) Environmental Hazards and Resilience (pp. 203-227). Routledge.
Tzfadia, E. & Gigi, M. (2022) Peripheralities, in Routledge handbook on Contemporary Israel, Porat, G., Feniger, Y., Filc, D., Kabalo, P., & Mirsky, J. (Eds.) Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 448-459.
Urbanologia (2024) Shilat: Cooperation and inclusion in local governance. Retrieved from https://urbanologia.tau.ac.il/shilat_cooperation
Uster, A. & Beeri, I. (2024) Country Report – Israel. In Behnke, N. & Petersohn, B. (eds.) Meeting the Challenge of Horizontal Intergovernmental Coordination – Evidence from European Countries. Envisaged for OA publication with Palgrave, in the Forum of Federations series.
Uster, A., Beeri, I., & Vashdi, D. (2018) Don’t push too hard: Examining the managerial behaviors of local authorities in collaborative networks with nonprofit organizations. Local Government Studies, 45(1), 124–145.
https://doi.org/10.1080/03003930.2018.1533820
Walla News. (2024) Mayors unite in support of Druze and Circassians' struggle. Retrieved from https://news.walla.co.il/break/3674164. (In Hebrew)
Yavetz, G., & Bronstein, J. (2023) Cities under fire: Crisis communication on home front versus frontline cities' Facebook pages during operation ‘Guardian of the Walls’. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 31(3), 421-430.
Yiftachel, O. (2001) Centralized power and divided space: 'Fractured regions' in the Israeli ethnocracy. GeoJournal, 53, 283-293.
Ynet (2024) 120 mayors call on Prime Minister to end discrimination against Druze and Circassians. (In Hebrew) Retrieved from
https://www.ynet.co.il/news/article/bjxlfd0la .
Zaychik, D., Beeri, I., Rein‐Sapir, Y., Avni, N., & Altshuler, A. (2024) Innovation and adaption in local governments in the face of COVID‐19: Determinants of effective crisis management. Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy. https://protect.checkpoint.com/v2/r02/___https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/rhc3.12311___.YzJlOmJlbmd1cmlvbnVuaXZlcnNpdHlvZnRoZW5lZ2V2OmM6bzpjYWFjZjEzYTNkMDgxYjcyZTU3MjFmNGE4ZTc2YThkODo3OjY3MDU6ZjYwNDIyYmZmMWUxY2YzMGQ5NjJhNDExNzcwYWE4NzlmNWIxNGMyMDk5MGVhYTMxNjRkYWFlYWIyZjRlYTNkYjp0OlQ6Tg
Published
2025-05-08
Section
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